Your eyes and the most common eye diseases
The eyes are the most important sensory organ in humans. It is therefore important to keep an eye on your eye health and prevent eye diseases. To ensure your eye health, you need to see an ophthalmologist at least once a year, and you need to keep an eye on changes in your vision by asking yourself questions:
- Do my eyes feel good?
- Do my eyes look good?
- Do I see well?
Eye diseases are getting younger
Like many other eye diseases, the age of eye disease is also getting younger. This can be attributed to a high level of digital media use, lack of rest, poor diet and stress. Ultraviolet rays from the sun can also be damaging to the eyes. The main eye diseases (glaucoma, cataracts) usually start in older people. Therefore, from the age of 40 onwards, it is recommended to visit an eye care professional more often and have a comprehensive medical consultation.
The most common eye diseases
Glaucoma
Glaucoma is a chronic eye disease that can lead to blindness if not diagnosed and treated in time. Glaucoma is incurable because the disease damages the optic nerve and the nerve cells in the retina.
How to recognise? As the disease progresses, the person’s field of vision gradually narrows, and it becomes difficult to navigate around the environment, seeing as if “through a tube”, and their eyesight weakens.
Risk factors and treatment. Glaucoma is not contagious, but heredity, diabetes, myopia, migraine, and fluctuations in arterial blood pressure can all play a role in the development of glaucoma.It is worth noting that in the early stages of glaucoma, the disease usually does not cause any complaints, so the only way to prevent it is to see an eye doctor regularly. All persons over 40 years of age should have their resolution measured once a year.
Cataracts
Cataracts are an eye disease in which the lens gradually loses its clarity and clouds form, preventing good vision. Cataracts develop very slowly and painlessly and are often detected during routine check-ups. If left untreated, cataracts cause severe visual impairment, with the colours of objects becoming increasingly blurred until finally only light and darkness are distinguishable. There is also a risk of glaucoma.
How to recognise? Symptoms of cataracts: blurred vision, gradually worsening vision, wavering vision, glare from bright light, objects appearing on a yellow background, later on it becomes difficult to drive a car, difficult to read, as the disease progresses, only light is distinguishable from darkness.
Risk factors and treatment. Cataracts are generally considered to be an inevitable part of ageing and are most common in people aged 55 or older. In the young, it can develop after various eye injuries, inflammations or common diseases such as diabetes and chronic skin inflammation. Ultraviolet (prolonged exposure to the sun), X-rays and infrared rays are also risk factors. There are no medicines to cure cataracts. The only effective treatment for cataracts is surgery.
How to avoid?
- See your eye doctor regularly;
- Wear good quality sunglasses with UV protection;
- Eat foods rich in antioxidants (fruit/vegetables).
What are the signs that signal the disease?
- Declining eyesight;
- Fear of light;
- Blurred vision and other similar symptoms can be the first signs of eye diseases.
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